Despite their many applications and advantages inside the marine environment, the UWSN encounters many challenges that can affect the network performances, hence many issues has raised and has been... Show More

Despite their many applications and advantages inside the marine environment, the UWSN encounters many challenges that can affect the network performances, hence many issues has raised and has been discussed recently. In this paper, we have focused on the link failure and the probability of their occurs caused by the node's mobility, water current, the limited battery of the sensor, or even the presence of some interference. Our approach is based on the newton interpolation formula, using to evaluate the link quality between sensors before that a packet is sent and operates in a cross-layer fashion, the purpose is to detect and predict if a sensor node could move out from it sender’s range, or it can regain it current position, in addition we defined a predictive zone, where the sensors are evaluated before they are selected as forwarders, based on the well-known routing protocol, Vector-Based forwarding VBF, we have implemented our approach called CPN-VBF using the ns2-simulator, the simulation results has proved the merits of the proposed study.

In this paper, a conformal T-shaped flexible patch antenna is designed for biomedical applications. The proposed antenna designed using to resonate at 2.45 GHz operating frequency at ISM band. The... Show More

In this paper, a conformal T-shaped flexible patch antenna is designed for biomedical applications. The proposed antenna designed using to resonate at 2.45 GHz operating frequency at ISM band. The proposed antenna operates in free space and muscle tissue. The proposed T-shaped patch antenna in free space resonates at 2.47GHz operating frequency with a bandwidth of 300MHz (2.45GHz and 2.75GHz).The antenna implanted in muscle tissue operates at 2.47GHz frequency with a bandwidth of 600MHz (2.25GHz – 2.85GHz). The return loss of -13.04dB is observed for T-shaped patch antenna in free space and the return loss for the antenna implanted in human tissue is -20.6dB respectively. The proposed flexible conformal patch antenna is compact in size, efficient in functioning, safe, and can effectively work within specified medical frequency bands.

In this paper, an ultra-wide band (UWB) low noise amplifier (LNA) is implemented by using 90nm RF CMOS technology. The designed LNA achieves high flat band gain (S21) and low noise figure (NF) in... Show More

In this paper, an ultra-wide band (UWB) low noise amplifier (LNA) is implemented by using 90nm RF CMOS technology. The designed LNA achieves high flat band gain (S21) and low noise figure (NF) in the frequency of interest. The proposed LNA operates in the frequency range of 3GHz to 8GHz. In this work, wide band matching is achieved by designing common gate configuration at the input stage. The current reuse and noise cancellation techniques are introduced to improve flat band gain and minimize both noise figure and power consumption. The noise figure is improved by cancelling dominant noise sources with additional hardware. The proposed LNA attains flat band gain of 26.5dB and input matching less than -12dB for entire UWB band. This work achieves noise figure of 2.1dB to 2.59dB in frequency band of interest. Additionally, power consumption of the circuit is 20mW at 1.8V supply voltage.

In this current era of smart computation, faster processing speed is needed. Execution of a process in a parallel manner can achieve higher throughput. For avoiding the Von-Neumann bottle-neck... Show More

In this current era of smart computation, faster processing speed is needed. Execution of a process in a parallel manner can achieve higher throughput. For avoiding the Von-Neumann bottle-neck phenomena, the speed of the memories should be high. A high-speed memory can provide contiguous data to a high-speed processor that retains the high performance of that processor. Various high-speed memory technologies are existing in the market such as interleaved memory, cache memory, etc. Multiprocessing technology is also used to achieve high-performance computation. It is still challenging to make a high-speed memory device that can provide data to a multiprocessing system in a contiguous way. Shared memory can fulfill all of the requirements of a multiprocessing system. The efficiency of shared memory can be enhanced by introducing the fault-tolerant mechanism in it without affecting the inter-process communication, which will be discussed in this paper.

Mobile ad hoc networks are wireless networks with particular characteristics: they are infrastructure-free, self-organizing, and self-configuring. MANETs represent an active research area with... Show More

Mobile ad hoc networks are wireless networks with particular characteristics: they are infrastructure-free, self-organizing, and self-configuring. MANETs represent an active research area with different problems. Several routing protocols are available to ensure data flow in MANETs. Due to the nature of MANETs, providing quality of service is a challenging issue that is often ignored in existing routing protocols. In general, on-demand routing protocols are characterized by higher latency and lower overhead. However, in this paper, the authors propose a new extension to the AODV routing protocol called AR-AODV. This approach provides QOS support in terms of packet loss, routing overhead, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio. The proposed method aims to anticipate link failures by estimating when a link is likely to break, using Lagrange interpolation. Then the route is repaired a few seconds prior to the failure. The effects of mobility, congestion, and traffic load are explored and analyzed, and the results obtained confirm that the proposed AR-AODV protocol outperforms the basic AODV.

This paper proposes a new pre-computation approach based on the auxiliary trellis of the TCM decoder's ACSU (add compare select unit). The suggested method is based on pre-computation of path... Show More

This paper proposes a new pre-computation approach based on the auxiliary trellis of the TCM decoder's ACSU (add compare select unit). The suggested method is based on pre-computation of path metrics and resource sharing of the ACSU unit. The Viterbi decoder itself is a power-consuming module of the communication system that comprises the TMU (transition metric unit) and ACSU (add compare select unit). By applying the suggested method, the authors would be able to achieve low dynamic power. The TCM decoder designed accordingly shows better SER/ BER results in comparison to the existing techniques. The 4D 8 PSK TCM encoder and decoder were implemented as per the design specifications given by consultative committee for space data system (CCSDS) for satellite applications. The simulations results are observed on 100 Mbps data for 8PSK modulation and the ¾ code rate of the TCM encoder. The results based on the new method show improved power-speed ratio with improved SER and BER.

A new speech signal analysis method referred to as a refined iterative adaptive method (RIAM) is introduced in this paper. Based on time-varying adaptive sinusoidal modeling, the RIAM method tries... Show More

A new speech signal analysis method referred to as a refined iterative adaptive method (RIAM) is introduced in this paper. Based on time-varying adaptive sinusoidal modeling, the RIAM method tries to determine in an iterative adaptive manner the instantaneous components of time-varying quasi-periodic multi-component signals such as voiced speech. The proposed method can adjust the current analysis parameters to the time-varying characteristics of the speech signal. This is done using a refined iterative sinusoidal parameter estimation algorithm based on a frequency correction mechanism combined with an adaptive scheme. The experiments on voiced speech demonstrate that the proposed RIAM algorithm outperforms some well-known state-of-the-art approaches. The RIAM algorithm provides a higher signal to reconstruction error ratio (SRER) of 42.267 dB with an improvement of 19.752 dB, 5.054 dB, and 2.552 dB compared to the conventional sinusoidal model (SM), adaptive harmonic model (aHM), and extended adaptive quasi harmonic model (eaQHM), respectively.

RF spectrum decision is very crucial in cognitive radio. With the concept of interconnecting society by IoT, the spectrum demand has further raised exponentially and now it becomes very important to... Show More

RF spectrum decision is very crucial in cognitive radio. With the concept of interconnecting society by IoT, the spectrum demand has further raised exponentially and now it becomes very important to meet the problem of spectrum scarcity. Radio spectrum is a scarce commodity and due to shortage of radio spectrum, IoT networking has become very challenging in its implementation. Cyclostationary detection scheme, to able to sense RF spectrum and accordingly make decision to achieve good QoS and interference free communication is drawing the interest of researchers these days. In this paper, we propose to embed pilot subcarrier in OFDM signal to build the cyclic pattern in the signal of interest. This periodicity pattern is harnessed at the receiver end. Evaluation of this periodicity pattern forms the base regarding RF spectrum availability. The main aim of this paper is to show how cyclostationary detector performance can be improved. Pilot subcarriers are mainly used in this paper as a channel estimation parameter using different techniques to increase the detectability of detector.

There are a lot of challenges like versatility, network, receptiveness, accuracy, etc… when working on an internet-connected device because of the wide usage of them across the global. Currently... Show More

There are a lot of challenges like versatility, network, receptiveness, accuracy, etc… when working on an internet-connected device because of the wide usage of them across the global. Currently there is a huge demand for reliable ways to connect to wireless. Same was conveyed as part of multiple observations and many have explained how spectrum sensing helps to allocate dynamically the unlicensed frequency bands for IoT applications reducing traffic and enabling the IoT technologies. Goal of Cognitive radio is to use the unadopted spectral spaces called spectral holes. A non-cooperative game theoretic strategy is employed to study the same. Also, the formulation of a utility function in terms of spectral usage rate of the users in a CR network. For obtaining the spectral usage rate, a 2-D continuous-time Markov Chain (CTMC) scenario is proposed to obtain the strategy for the users of CR in order to choose the appropriate spectral gaps. The parameters such as percentage utilization of spectrum by varying parameters like Traffic, No. of users and Data Burst rates are studied.

In this article, we examined the electrical characteristic of proposed new device structure, Wrapped Channel Field Effect Transistor (WCFET). Results of WCFET have been analyzed using Atlas 3-D... Show More

In this article, we examined the electrical characteristic of proposed new device structure, Wrapped Channel Field Effect Transistor (WCFET). Results of WCFET have been analyzed using Atlas 3-D simulator. WCFET shows better transfer characteristics with ON-current ION of ~10-6A and leakage current IOFF of ~10-16 A. Optimization of device characteristics has done with doping concentration (ND), gate work function (ΦG) and spacer dielectric. Impact of gate length and semiconductor film thickness variation on drain current, subthreshold slope (SS) and DIBL are also investigated. Further, effects of various gate dielectric materials such as SiO2, Si3N3, HfO2 and TiO2 are examined w.r.t. switching characteristics of WCFET. To validate of device compatibility with power supply scaling, we inspected full range variation of VDS ≈ (0.05V-to-0.7V) on transfer characteristics.

In this paper, a broadband 100-700 MHz power amplifier was designed. The results of simulation are compared with the measurements,The shunt feedback of power amplifier module provides the linear and... Show More

In this paper, a broadband 100-700 MHz power amplifier was designed. The results of simulation are compared with the measurements,The shunt feedback of power amplifier module provides the linear and broadband frequency amplification. The push-pull topology with ferrite balun provides enhanced efficiency and high power generation along In this work a commercially available LDMOS transistor (D2003UK) is used, The amplifier can deliver 6W to a 50 ohm load and has 14dB gain.Broadband high power amplifiers are considered as key components in next generation software defined radio communication systems. In principle, application of a linear, highly efficient wide band amplifier can replace several narrow band power amplifiers, yielding reduced costs and form factor, This paper uses D2003UK a transistor to achieve a 6 Watt amplifier for broad band .