Forest fires cause significant human losses and natural damage and threaten the biodiversity on our planet. Several researchers have studied the potential of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to... Show More

Forest fires cause significant human losses and natural damage and threaten the biodiversity on our planet. Several researchers have studied the potential of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to manage a forested area and have proven the real potential of this paradigm. Such systems generate a large amount of heterogeneous data in a short time, which may lead to network congestion and delay in data transmission. Processing such data in a short time frame is challenging for a traditional WSN. This article presents a multi-layered architecture for wildfire prevention, detection, and intervention based on WSN, IoT, cloud, and fog computing technologies. The proposed architecture is validated using the iFogSim simulation tool. Two models are compared, cloud-only and fog-cloud-based scenarios. The experimental results show that the cloud-fog model minimizes latency and significantly reduces bandwidth consumption compared to the cloud-only model. To bring fast fire extinguishing ability to the system, the authors recommend the employment of drones equipped with fire extinguishing balls.

In the change management context, handling web service evolution is a challenging issue that aims to adapt deployed business processes to the perpetual changes occurring in enterprises environments.... Show More

In the change management context, handling web service evolution is a challenging issue that aims to adapt deployed business processes to the perpetual changes occurring in enterprises environments. While existing approaches deal with the problem by focusing only on migratable instances, in this approach the authors propose a paradigm shift based on reconfigurable objects nets (RONs) to allow running service instances continuing their execution according to the evolved protocol specifications. In this approach, service protocols are modelled as petri nets, and changes are perceived as transformation rules. Further, reachability graphs are deployed for calculating migratable services instances after evolution. The conceived framework allows migrating active instances from the old protocol version to the evolved one. Web service protocol compatibility and replaceability aspects are addressed to distinguish migratable services instances from non-migratable ones. The authors illustrate their contribution and highlight advantages of using RONs through a real-world scenario related to the visa application service.

The engineering of systems-of-systems (SoSs) is a critical issue that requires the definition of multiple viewpoints that are dedicated to various concerns of stakeholders. To address this... Show More

The engineering of systems-of-systems (SoSs) is a critical issue that requires the definition of multiple viewpoints that are dedicated to various concerns of stakeholders. To address this challenge, this article contributes to the definition of a reusable framework handling the design of SoSs' architectures by adopting a conceptual model of architecture framework ‘ISO42010.' The proposed framework extends this standard by using well-defined software development processes to identify and implement the different architectural viewpoints. Besides, these processes are used in a way to take advantage of managing a set of diagrams given by a UML profile, and then, to verify that the parts of the architecture form a consistent whole. In this context, the authors define four main viewpoints dedicated to the various stakeholders and which are essential to allow them to implement different SoSs. To guide the coordination of the development tasks, this framework provides again a development processes model that allows the stakeholders to explicitly design the viewpoint they want using an SoS-UML profile.