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What is Critical Race Theory (CRT)

Chapter 3
People-Centered Approaches Toward the Internationalization of Higher Education
A form of inquiry that incorporates theoretical and practical methodology to examine issues of race, structural racism and education. CRT scholars work from the premise that racism is embedded in U.S. society. A CRT lens can help students critically examine how the values and norms of cultures are accepted as ‘natural’.
Published in Chapter:
Pedagogical Opportunities to Foster Interaction and Deep Understanding Between International and Domestic University Students: Teaching Critical Reflexivity Through Interaction
Samantha Clifford (Northern Arizona University, USA)
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 28
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-3796-1.ch003
Abstract
Diverse friendships established in college can significantly impact students' lives and affect cognitive development, learning, retention, and college success. The encouragement of meaningful interaction through curriculum design and teaching practices as part of internationalization efforts can positively impact the campus and social structure of society. Opportunity exists within institutions of higher education to foster reflexivity and interaction in classrooms composed of individuals from around the world. The variety of experiences can provide a foundation for a trans-formative educational experience. This context may be a key component to reducing prejudice because perceptions and behavior result from enculturation. The author describes data collected over a five-year period from a 16-week undergraduate mixed nationality Anthropology course that attempts to hone skills in reflexivity and global awareness. The results exemplify teaching practices and curriculum design for internationalization within the classroom and outcomes indicate significant lifelong learning for students.
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Chapter 6
Why “Race Neutral” Policy Fails Black Small Business Owners: Lessons Learned From the Paycheck Protection Program and Mapping an Equitable Path Forward
Is an intellectual movement and analytical framework emanating from legal studies. It is a useful framework for understanding how racism has shaped policy. Its core belief is that race is a social construct and that racism is not limited to individual bias or prejudice but is also structural (embedded in legal systems and policies).
Published in Chapter: Why “Race Neutral” Policy Fails Black Small Business Owners: Lessons Learned From the Paycheck Protection Program and Mapping an Equitable Path Forward; From: Sustainability and the Future of Work and Entrepreneurship for the Underserved
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Chapter 21
Critical Race Design: An Emerging Methodological Approach to Anti-Racist Design and Implementation
A theoretical and methodological approach that aims to unpack and disrupt the structural inequities experienced by disenfranchised racial groups.
Published in Chapter: Critical Race Design: An Emerging Methodological Approach to Anti-Racist Design and Implementation; From: Handbook of Research on Educational Leadership and Research Methodology
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Chapter 1
From Burning Crosses to Burning Books: How the Religious Right Leverages Book Bans and Censorship to Build a Christian Theocracy
CRT is a graduate-level theory stemming first from the legal field that explores the ways in which historical systems of racial inequality are perpetuated and upheld in contemporary ways.
Published in Chapter: From Burning Crosses to Burning Books: How the Religious Right Leverages Book Bans and Censorship to Build a Christian Theocracy; From: Supporting Students’ Intellectual Freedom in Schools: The Right to Read
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Chapter 26
Integrating Critical Pedagogy With Teaching Statistics for Social Justice
A framework in the political and social sciences that uses critical theory to examine culture and society as they pertain to categorizations of race, law, and power.
Published in Chapter: Integrating Critical Pedagogy With Teaching Statistics for Social Justice; From: Handbook of Research on Critical Thinking Strategies in Pre-Service Learning Environments
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Chapter 6
Interrogating White Saviorism, Fragility, and Innocence in K-12 Teacher Education: An Ontology of Radical Love
Critical Race Theory is a form of scholarship used to uncover racial inequities in legal and educational systems.
Published in Chapter: Interrogating White Saviorism, Fragility, and Innocence in K-12 Teacher Education: An Ontology of Radical Love; From: Handbook of Research on Social Justice and Equity in Education
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Chapter 13
Patching the Pipeline: Reimagining the Roadmap to Higher Education
A field of academic inquiry created by legal scholars and coined by Kimberlé Crenshaw in the 1970s to bring awareness to the lack of consideration that race received in law. While there is no fixed set of tenets that CRT scholars subscribe to, they work with two goals in mind: (1) to acknowledge how White supremacy is created and preserved in America, and (2) to change how race and power affect the law.
Published in Chapter: Patching the Pipeline: Reimagining the Roadmap to Higher Education; From: African American Leadership and Mentoring Through Purpose, Preparation, and Preceptors
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Chapter 14
A Systematized Review of Anti-Racist Pedagogical Strategies
Critical Race Theory is an academic framework that emerged in legal studies and later expanded to other disciplines. It critically examines how race and racism intersect with social structures, institutions, and everyday practices, emphasizing the role of power and historical context in shaping racial inequalities.
Published in Chapter: A Systematized Review of Anti-Racist Pedagogical Strategies; From: Interrogating Race and Racism in Postsecondary Language Classrooms
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Chapter 11
Maintaining a Socially Just Classroom: Ethical Decision-Making for Student Engagement as a Positive Outcome
Several principles of CRT related to education have been asserted such as the inherence of race and racism in American society, critical examination of the problems caused by neutrality, objectivity and colorblindness, the need to focus on the importance of maintaining a commitment to social justice, the importance of experiential knowledge, and whiteness as a property which includes the right to disposition, enjoyment, reputation, and the right to exclude.
Published in Chapter: Maintaining a Socially Just Classroom: Ethical Decision-Making for Student Engagement as a Positive Outcome; From: Ethical Problem-Solving and Decision-Making for Positive and Conclusive Outcomes
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Chapter 9
My Lens My Influence
A theoretical framework born from Critical Legal Studies (CLS), used in academia to examine, expose, critique, and understand the various ways racism exists systemically within societies and educational institutions.
Published in Chapter: My Lens My Influence; From: Supporting Activist Practices in Education
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Chapter 20
Using Learner Centered Pedagogy and Social Justice Pedagogy in Post-Secondary Technical and Professional Communication Writing Courses
A theoretical framework that has roots in the field of legal studies. CRT scholars examine how race affects economic, political, and historical social structures in society. Scholars look for ways to rectify the imbalance of power between oppressed communities and their oppressor.
Published in Chapter: Using Learner Centered Pedagogy and Social Justice Pedagogy in Post-Secondary Technical and Professional Communication Writing Courses; From: Handbook of Research on Promoting Higher-Order Skills and Global Competencies in Life and Work
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Chapter 13
Dealing With the Elephant in the Classroom: Reflections From a Graduate Course That Argues That Race Still Matters in Service Learning!
A conceptual lens to support multi-scalar analyses on racism and its variegated effects on people, groups, and institutions in American society. It evaluates the effects of racism and white supremacist ideas and racial bias on human phenomena. CRT examines the role of power in a racial hierarchy, which perpetuate the marginalization of people of color systemically and institutionally. CRT, as an analytic tool, rejects the veracity and normalization of meritocracy and liberalism through master narratives that reinforce racist assumptions.
Published in Chapter: Dealing With the Elephant in the Classroom: Reflections From a Graduate Course That Argues That Race Still Matters in Service Learning!; From: Handbook of Research on Service-Learning Initiatives in Teacher Education Programs
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Chapter 1
Cultural Bias and Its Implications for Discipline Disparity
An academic theory that suggests that all aspects of policy, law and curriculum should be examined through a racial lens to ascertain the ways in which race plays a role in the interpretation, application, and impact of their governance.
Published in Chapter: Cultural Bias and Its Implications for Discipline Disparity; From: Approaching Disparities in School Discipline: Theory, Research, Practice, and Social Change
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