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The metaverse is not a new concept. It has been described as “wearing headphones and goggles, finding a connected terminal, and entering a virtual space simulated by a computer and paralleled with the real world” (Hyeonju et al., 2022). The metaverse, which extends beyond the universe, is a digital world in which virtual and reality are linked and integrated. In its 2020-2021 Metaverse Development report, the Center for New Media Research defined the metaverse as an internet application based on extended display technology that provides an immersive experience and digital twin technology as it mirrors the real world. Yan et al. (2021) found that a VR immersive environment can be used to promote learners’ deep learning of abstract concepts (or continuously promote deep information processing). The University of Warwick confirmed that a VR immersive environment can stimulate learning motivation and promote knowledge internalization, active participation, and other activities (Warren, 2021). Marton and Säaljö (1976) proved that an immersive learning environment can be used to stimulate a positive interest in learning, enabling learners to construct, retain, understand, and internalize knowledge. Research shows that participants’ experience in VR is enhanced through its real-world (virtual) environment (Kwon, 2019).
Building an immersive learning environment based on VR/AR/MR/XR technology can encourage learners to participate in learning through exploration. The learning process includes both the physical action, the use of one’s brain, and the involvement of emotion, attitudes, and values. Research shows that the metaverse can enhance learning via physical and mental actions (Birt et al., 2018).
The progress of science and technology will continue to strengthen intelligence and digitalization. Data will drive social development and progress. Innovation and reform should also utilize data to help learners through personalized education. Many researchers have combined the biological, cognitive, and developmental sciences to provide a solid foundation for education (Rodriguez, 2012). For example, Daniel and Poole (2009) proposed the concept of the pedagogical ecology.