Food-Drug Interactions: Types, Causal Mechanisms, Potential Consequences, and Preventive Strategies

Muhammad Adil (University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Jhang, Pakistan & Jhang Campus, Pakistan) and Muhammad Asif (DHQ Teaching Hospital, Mardan, Pakistan)
Copyright: © 2023 |Pages: 37
EISBN13: 9781668498835|DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-7828-8.ch002
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Abstract

Bioactive dietary ingredients can influence the pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic attributes of drugs that are orally administered either in conjunction with food or following a short interval. The pharmacokinetic form of food-drug interactions is reflected by changes in the rate/extent of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion. Whereas, diet-induced pharmacodynamic modulation may arise in terms of additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects. Most of the clinically important, food-drug interactions occur on account of altered drug bioavailability attributed to dietary constituents. Depending upon their occurrence and severity, food-drug interactions leading to enhanced plasma drug concentrations may have beneficial or harmful consequences. The outcomes of food-drug interactions may range from the loss of drug efficacy and subsequent treatment failure to serious adverse effects. Proper adherence to the drug-specific prescribing guidelines and patient compliance are requisite for minimizing the likelihood of potential food-drug interactions.
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