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What is Surface Learning

Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
A concentration on lower-order cognitive skills, such as recall of facts; rather than higher-order skills, such as analysis, synthesis and evaluation (associated with deep learning).
Published in Chapter:
E-Learning and M-Learning Problems
Graeme Salter (University of Western Sydney, Australia)
Copyright: © 2009 |Pages: 7
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-198-8.ch114
Abstract
The use of online teaching in education is expanding at a rapid rate. Some may be tempted to view technology as an educational panacea (Herrington & Herrington, 1998). However, the existence of any technology does not guarantee that good educational material will be provided or that effective learning will happen (Boddy, 1997). Online teaching has the “potential to be just as inflexible and inappropriate as any other form of poor instruction” (Bennett, Priest & Macpherson, 1999, p. 208). Problems associated with online learning are often overlooked or not fully investigated (Hara & Kling, 1999). It is important not to be blinded by technology. We need to recognize and study these problems to obtain a broader picture of the impact of technology in teaching. This author is an early and enthusiastic adopter of technology in teaching. However, he has learned through experience and research that it is important to identify problems, both real and perceived, in order to develop strategies to overcome them. For example, innovators are prepared to be relatively understanding of technical problems, but the bulk of users are not likely to be as forgiving (Freeman, 1997).
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Reflection as a Process From Theory to Practice
Learning based on fact memorisation and lower level cognitive abilities.
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Information-Rich Learning Concepts
Learning that goes no further than the bare minimum. Surface learners do not fully understand the subject matter; at best, they are able to recite facts.
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Digital-Based Assessments for Higher-Order and Critical Thinking Skills in Higher Education
Learning that has to do with rote memorization and little or no application of knowledge.
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Cultural Markers and Their Impact on Teaching in Higher Education
Engaging with material to be learned just enough to complete a task such as pass an exam or complete a problem; typically relies on rote memorization strategies.
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Accessing Learning Management Systems With Smartphones: What Is the Effect on Learning Behavior and Student Engagement?
An approach in which students are often merely engaged with memorizing information or rote learning.
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