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What is Economy of scale

Handbook of Research on the Applications of International Transportation and Logistics for World Trade
A phenomenon whereby larger volumes of production reduce unit cost by distributing fixed costs over a larger quantity.
Published in Chapter:
International Transportation and Logistics Economics
Hilal Yıldırır Keser (Bursa Technical University, Turkey)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1397-2.ch002
Abstract
Logistics is important in the service sector, even more so in international trade, a vital part of the economy. The delivery of raw materials and intermediate goods to manufacturers, and final goods to consumers, requires effective transport and management of the process. From this point of view, it is important to examine the economic dimension of logistics and transportation activities. This chapter clarifies logistics activities and mentions their place in economic disciplines. The economic analysis of the logistics sector is discussed in two dimensions as micro and macro scales. Effective factors in the development of an international logistics sector are explained.
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A Historical Analysis of the Emergence of Free Cooperative Software Production
Because the production of computer parts involves substantial fixed costs, the average cost per unit decreases when production increases. This is especially the case for software where there are almost only fixed costs (this is a consequence of the fact that it presents the characteristics of a public good).
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