Abstract
The additive manufacturing process denotes modern manufacturing technologies that create a practical model from digital data. These days, the 3D (three-dimensional) printing technology signifies a great prospect to support medicinal and healthcare firms to produce new definite medicines, allowing quick manufacture of medicinal transplants, and moving the approach that specializes surgeon and physician strategy measures. For example, currently, in the practice of modern medical treatment, patient-specific anatomical models (3D-printed) are used. Soon, functional implantable organs by 3D (three-dimensional) printed process will possibly be offered, decreasing the queue time and growing the total of lives protected. This modern manufacturing technology for healthcare and medical is still required to a great extent of work in development; however, it is applied in numerous dissimilar habits in a medicinal and therapeutic area that previously reeled below a huge burden concerning optimum presentation.
TopIntroduction
The additive manufacturing process is basically a rapid prototyping procedure, which is also denoted as a three-dimensional (3D) fabrication or printing process (Phan et al., 2016) (Mondschein t al., 2017) (Salmi et al., 2013). Additive manufacturing is also known as the layer by layer process, which procedures a CAD (Computer-Aided Design) model to three-dimensional print desire objects (Kholgh et al., 2020) (Barua et al., 2019) (Bigham et al., 2020). Figure 1 shows the application of additive manufacturing in health care and biomedical engineering field. Additive manufacturing is appropriate to manufacture complex designs with tough to desire geometrical considerations from different materials like metals, ceramics, and polymers (Salmi et al., 2013) (Youssef et al., 2017). Furthermore, additive manufacturing products are comparatively cost-efficient and appropriate for customizing variation (Zhu et al., 2016) (Fantino et al., 2016).
Figure 1. Application of additive manufacturing in biomedical field
The additive manufacturing technology was primarily familiarized in the 1980s and had been verified in miscellaneous medical and healthcare or therapeutic uses, which contains in different biomedical areas, the scaffolds for tissue engineering of 3D bio-printing methods, research laboratory amenities, and treatment as well as drug delivery methods (Youssef et al., 2017) (Rastogi et al., 2019) (Simpson et al., 2008) (Diment et al., 2017). Additionally, additive manufacturing is engaged to desire healthcare strategies and medicines and to spread them to organic tissues to distinguish beneficial reactions (Whitley et al., 2017). Additive manufacturing practices imaging file arrangements as the geometric descriptions to the model of three-dimensional profiles by several software for accurate uses and allows surgeons to make functioning models for design and operating replications (Dahake et al., 2020). Furthermore, the replicas can be applied to clarify precarious and difficult surgical techniques to patients and their relatives. Figure 2 shows the workflow of additive manufacturing in modern biomedical area. A different therapeutic presentation of additive manufacturing is anatomic customization for splint, orthosis, and prostheses (Moreno et al., 2019) (Yuan et al., 2017).
Figure 2. Workflow of additive manufacturing
Key Terms in this Chapter
3D Printing: 3D printing is basically an additive manufacturing process, which is the manufacture of a 3D objective from digital CAD data.
Biomaterials: A biomaterial is an element which has been planned to cooperate with living systems for a curative purpose, whichever a beneficial or an investigative one.
Healthcare: Health care is the progress or maintenance of healthiness through the anticipation, treatment, diagnosis, recovery, or therapy of illness, disease, wound, and additional bodily and psychological injuries in persons. Health care is provided by health specialists and associated health areas. Prescription, dentistry, dispensary, optometry, care, nursing, audiology, surgery, psychology, work-related treatment, corporeal treatment, athletic exercise, and supplementary health occupations are all together part of health care.
Bio-Printing: Bio-printing is a 3D printing process; it practices a computational file as a design to fabricate an objective layer by layer. However, different three-dimensional printing, bio-printers print with living cells and biomaterials, constructing organ-like configurations that let living cells reproduce.
Additive Manufacturing: Additive manufacturing (AM) is a transformative method to manufacturing products that allow the formation of lighter, tougher quantities and structures.
Surgery: Surgery is a remedial or dental department that practices operational manual and instrumental performances on a patient to treat and inspect a pathological situation for example an injury or disease, to assistance recover physical function, advent, or to healing annoying shattered areas. Surgery can contain cutting, grazing, stitching, or else changing living organs and tissues.
Bone-Tissue: Bone tissue is preserved by bone-making cells named osteoblasts and cells which discontinuity bone called osteoclasts.