New Perspectives on Cluster Model of Enterprise Development in the Context of Risk Management

Background

The implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies into the regional economy leads to the emergence of not only new opportunities, but also new risks (Gamidullaeva, et al., 2019). The development of the digital economy is associated with technological, political, economic, social, psychological risks (Chernyakova, 2018). The level and scale of risks of industrial enterprises have changed significantly in the conditions of Industry 4.0. New risk factors due to digitalization processes significantly affect the efficiency and effectiveness of enterprises (Kuznetsova, 2018).

According to experts, at the present stage, the digital development niche is occupied by federal players who are not yet ready to invest in such promising projects for the development of the digital economy in the regions as smart cities, as well as projects on the digitization of housing and communal services and transport. It should be noted that the digitalization of local systems of the regional Russian economy was and is in the general global trend and is a specific traditionally innovative form of its development. It is an objective need and the need for the associated interaction of local systems of the regional Russian economy. At the same time, the proposed digitalization strategies of local systems of the regional Russian economy entail institutional traps (Postalyuk and Postalyuk, 2018).

The digital transformation of industrial enterprises has its positive aspects and possible risks. The latter include dependence on borrowed imported technologies, the degradation of their own competencies, the possibility of hidden “bookmarks” in hardware and software, uncertainty in the legal sphere, the growth of fraud, ethical problems, social stratification and other risks (Amelin and Schetinina, 2018).

The transition of the Digital Economy of the Russian Federation program to the national project format requires taking into account the relationship of the digital economy with the real one (Lenchuk and Vlaskin, 2018), and, on the other hand, makes regions more fully involved in digitalization processes.