Nanostructured Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Sensing Applications

Nanostructured Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Sensing Applications

Man Seng Sim, Kok Yeow You, Fahmiruddin Esa, Yi Lin Chan
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 24
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-5563-7.ch009
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Abstract

Metamaterials are novel artificial materials with periodic arrangement of structural meta-atoms which exhibit unique properties. Field localization and enhancement at the surface of the meta-atoms allow the structure to be an effective tool for sensing applications. This chapter discusses the emerging field of nanostructured electromagnetic metamaterials in sensing applications. The first section introduces nanostructured metamaterials based on their structures, properties, and fabrication techniques. The following section encompasses the applications of metamaterial-based nano-sensors in medicine and food science. For biomedical sensing, the applications of metamaterial-based nano biosensors in medical field are highlighted. For food science sensing, the applications of nano metamaterials in food contamination detection and food quality control are discussed. The last section discusses the future trends of nanostructured metamaterials in shifting towards reconfigurable, controllable, and multi-functional meta-devices.
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Introduction To Nanostructured Electromagnetic Metamaterials

In this section, electromagnetic metamaterials are introduced in term of their structure, properties and applications. Furthermore, nanostructured electromagnetic metamaterials are discussed.

Key Terms in this Chapter

Figure of Merit: The ratio of the sensitivity of a nano-sensor to the full width at half maximum (FWHM).

Electromagnetic Metamaterial: An artificial engineered structure which are made of periodic arrangement of meta-atoms, exhibit unique properties not found in natural materials, and have unusual electromagnetic responses at certain frequency range.

Biosensor: A device with a biological recognition system to detect particular biomolecules and further quantify them through signal processing.

Nano-Sensor: A nano-sized sensing device that detect the presence of particular substances or measure physical quantities and convert these to measurable signals.

Nanostructured Metamaterial: A repeating array of metamaterial structures with at least one nano-sized dimension.

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR): An optical phenomenon that occurs at an interface between a dielectric material (positive permittivity material) and a plasmonic material (negative permittivity material) when the incident electromagnetic wave are propagating along the interface.

Localised Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR): An optical phenomenon that occurs on a material (negative permittivity material) when the electrons in the conduction band are oscillating to the incident electromagnetic wave.

Sensitivity: The ratio of the resonant wavelength shift (or angular shift) to the refractive index variation of the materials under test.

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