Abstract
Globalization in the 21st century was most clearly manifested through terrorism. The visible example of this fact is that more than 200 countries in the world cannot fight against it independently. A series of terrorist attacks shook France in January 2015, claiming the lives of 17 people, including 11 journalists and security personnel at the Paris offices of Charlie Hebdo, a satiric magazine. Most of the population expressed solidarity with France and talked about the future threats that the world should expect from the Islamic State. This study aims to identify the primary roots of Islamic radicalization in France by identifying and analyzing social conditions conducive to Islamist radicalization. France has become a target of extremist groups since the 1950s and now is one of the biggest Western targets of terrorism. According to the results of this study, there is a relatively high concentration of radicalization among migrant communities, especially those of the North African origin.
TopResearch Methods
The paper is based on the following research methods which are mainly applied in political science: method of observation, method of document analysis, and comparative historical analysis.
Method of observation - a scientific, directed perception of a phenomenon or process, the features and properties of which are fixed by the observer. It's much in common with everyday perception when people follow political events of interest to them. However, scientifically organized observation distributed by professionals is distinguished by the breadth of the sector of observation, the ability to capture a more diverse range of actions of actors within the arena, to spot the degree of repetition of certain events, to see the character of interactions, to reconstruct their sequence.
Method of document analysis - the division of the entire subject into its constituent parts (sides, features, properties, or relationships) for his or her comprehensive study. The strategy is taken into account as one of the most applied methods since document analysis is the most economical research method. However, not all the information will be reliable it has to be verified through observation and surveys. Therefore, this method is employed together with observation and questioning.
Method of comparative historical analysis - a methodology which allows comparing the events, here, the overall and particular historical phenomena are revealed, showing the knowledge of the assorted historical stages of development of a particular phenomenon or two different coexisting phenomena.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Terrorism: Terrorism is the systematic use of violence to instill fear in the population and change the political climate. Terrorism is a problem for all political parties, for right-wing and left-wings, nations or religious groups, revolutionaries, and even state institutions such as the army and police.
France: Is a country in Western Europe that includes Mediterranean beaches, alpine villages, and historic capitals. Its city, Paris, is renowned for its designer boutiques, museums of classical art, such as the Louvre, and landmarks like the Eiffel Tower. The nation is recognized for its fine gastronomy and wines as well. Its lengthy history is attested to by Lascaux's prehistoric cave paintings, Lyon's Roman Theater, and Versailles' enormous palace.
Radcalization: The process by which a person or a group grows to hold progressively radical opinions in opposition to the political, social, or religious status quo is known as radicalization (or radicalization). The results of radicalization are shaped by societal attitudes; for instance, radical groups may arise from a widespread social consensus against societal advancement or a widespread desire for societal reform. Violence and nonviolent behavior can also emerge from radicalization.
Separatism: (French: séparatisme, Latin: separatus – to separate) — commonly defined, separatism is the demand for separation based on cultural, ethnic, racial, religious, racial, governmental, or gender aspects by a certain group of persons.
Assimilation: The process of adopting or forcing someone to join an organization, nation, society, etc.
Islam: Islam (Arabic: ???????; al-Islam) is a monotheistic Abrahamic religion. Its religious teachings are based on the Qur'an as the direct word of God and the Sunnah as the behavioral example of God's chosen messenger, Muhammad.
Migration: Migration (lat. Migratio — emigration) — the movement of a person within the country or outside its borders; or migration for different periods (from a few hours to the end of life), which is expressed in the crossing of statistically measurable borders (mainly city, country, and other administrative borders).
Islamic Radicalism: The term used to describe radical attitudes and actions connected to the Islamic faith, these are contentious phrases with a range of definitions, from academic perspectives to the contention that all ideologies other than Islam have failed and are subordinate to Islam.