This chapter concerns the creation of a web application for the management of e-learning projects. The realization of this project goes through several stages. For the analysis, it is necessary to do studies on the existing products to understand their functions in management, communication, and storage. For the needs, it's necessary to define the phases of the project, the participants, their roles, and their interactions at each stage. At the conception, it is necessary to deal with the educational part. The authors propose a pedagogical scenario framework, which is very useful for the conception of training modules for e-learning projects. For the modeling, the choice of the 2TUP process is due to the fact it is based on UML in the development cycle to model the system correctly. After having chosen the different technologies and technological tools for the realization and after having realized the SGPE system, they implemented it in a server on the web to have access as actors according to their tasks in each step.
Top1. Introduction
The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is a major component of globalization, which inevitably marks our time. All human activities are affected, including education (teaching/learning). To this end, these ICTs induce significant changes in teaching practices by transforming the methods of communication, work and training. In this thread of ideas, several researchers in this field claim that the integration of ICT in teaching involves changes in teachers' practices and affects their representations of learning and their methods of collaboration and evaluation (Karsenti and Savoie-Zajac, 2001; Charlier and Peraya, 2007).
The use of ICT has made it possible to set up a new mode of teaching, that of distance training called E-training, E-Learning or online training. This type of training can be defined in relation to face-to-face training, as training that is characterized by spatio-temporal relocation. Learners do not have to be present in the same places and at the same time. Distance learning is reinforced by the advent of networks and technologies based on the Internet (synchronous and asynchronous communication tools, Web, etc.).
Currently, e-learning is booming, it has invaded the education market in developed countries such as the United States, European countries and Japan. In Morocco, it is promised strong growth. Moreover, in recent years, Moroccan universities and companies have been using this new way of learning. Based on what exists, e-learning covers different teaching practices. It offers training, or self-training, accompanied: activities, exercises (quiz), personal work, group work, project groups, tutoring, coaching, case studies and project implementation . Thus, personalizing training and the services that accompany e-learning and the involvement of users are the conditions for success. Learning by this new means has advantages, especially in terms of time and space management. Of course this requires an additional effort that the services allow to provide in a rationalistic way. The aim is to produce an ambitious education system for a future learning society. However, it was decided to create a Web application for the management of e-learning projects, an application which makes it possible to manage all the tasks of the various actors of an e-learning project in the same collaborative space.
In an IT project, it must rely on a structured approach that describes its progress. Deciding which approach to take for the project is the decisive step in determining whether the project can be carried out in good order. It is necessary to clarify the working methodology and the development process and to draw the stages of the project from it. E-learning projects, whatever their size, there are no exception. According to the ADDIE model, running an e-learning project requires five steps.
For this purpose, on the one hand, it is necessary to carry out research on the existing products on the market, on the other hand to understand the functions and technical characteristics of the existing applications and in which areas we will work . The research and analysis of various tools used for project management in the market are generally high-performance products, including multiple functions such as management, communication, storage and collaboration. For e-learning projects, this is still a special case for the following reasons: From the training point of view, the nature of e-learning projects is based on a method that includes several stages, which are linked to technology-based learning and ways to manage the various participants in e-learning projects.
All the characteristics of the e-learning project lead to the conclusion that the realization of such a project is not an easy task. It is an ambitious project, but its realization requires an effort to understand the field of e-learning. For the needs of the project, it is therefore necessary to define the different phases of the project, define the different participants involved in the implementation of the project, define the role of each participant at each stage and define the different interactions between the different participants at each phase.
Next, we chose the 2TUP (2 Track Unified Process) development process, also known as the Y development model. We chose the UML (Unified Modeling Language) modeling language, which is defined as a graphical and textual modeling language. This choice is due to the fact that the 2TUP process is based on UML throughout the development cycle, because the various diagrams of the latter, by their simplicity and their clarity, make it possible to correctly model the system at each stage.