An Evaluation of U.S. City Government Wireless Networks for Mobile Internet Access

Background

Currently, there is very little research and literature addressing the issues of wireless Internet implementation for government entities. The technology is relatively new in this environment and cities have only recently begun experimentation in this arena. Most of the literature currently available is in trade publications and press releases that address current issues of interest to business and government leaders. The focus of this chapter is on city governments in the United States. Similar trends and issues are emerging in other parts of the world as well.

A major issue surrounding municipal ownership of wireless networks involves competition with the telecommunications companies. Most telephone and cable companies oppose community efforts to offer wireless Internet and in many cases have lobbied to stop municipal Internet zones (DeGraff, 2005). Those favoring municipalities in these efforts believe legislation will ultimately impact America’s ability to compete globally. It is essential that all Americans have access to Internet services in order to benefit from the higher standard of living afforded by the Internet. Those without access will be left behind in the rapidly evolving marketplace. According to the National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 40% of Americans do not have dial-up access to the Internet at home and 80% do not have high speed access. One out of four Americans do not use the Internet at all. This places the U.S. behind many countries in Europe and Asia. Those without Internet access cannot benefit from online advertisements for job openings and other available information on the Internet. Those who lack Internet access are typically low income, minority, less educated, and unemployed. Affordable or free Internet access could provide these members of society with the benefits of participating in an Internet-based society (DeGraff, 2005).

Income is a major factor in this divide between the Internet haves and the have-nots. Charges run on average $40 to $60 a month and prices continue to rise. Cable and phone companies claim that municipal Internet service is unfair competition. They argue that cities could still provide access to community centers, schools, and libraries through their services. Public interest groups argue that communities have a right to build their own Internet networks to offer more services at a lower cost. School districts could save considerably on current costs for high-speed Internet access (DeGraff, 2005).