Abstract
The aim of the chapter is to evaluate the citizens involvement in contemporary public administration, especially in the Czech Republic. New concepts of governance and management of public sector organizations enable providing new or improved public goods and services that better meet consumer´s needs. These concepts also represent reformed or new approaches to governance with increased citizen participation. Public administration responds to dynamic changes in information and communication technologies and their maturity and uses them in the framework of e-government. Thanks to the implementation of e-government, citizens have become more knowledgeable, able to participate in decision-making processes, thus automatically becoming co-producers of public goods or services. This approach to public good and service delivery describes modern public sector management theories as co-creation. Although co-creation is an entirely new concept in some countries, various forms of public participation are becoming increasingly important worldwide and can be expected to continue in the future.
TopDevelopment Of Basic Concepts Of Public Administration Management
A number of authors deal with the issue of public administration reforms (Denhardt, 2000, 2008; Nemec, 2010; Nunvářová, 2014; Ochrana & Půček, 2011; Osborne, 2002; Pollit & Bouckaert, 2004). Historical developments have given rise to several directions whose approaches are different and have influenced the form of public administration in many countries. The following overview presents only the concepts most frequently mentioned in the literature.
The main approaches are in particular:
Key Terms in this Chapter
E-Government Development Index: A composite indicator measuring the development of national e-government capacities.
Co-Creation: Creating public value by engaging and getting citizens to collaborate with government in public activities.
Participatory Budgeting: A process of democratic decision-making, in which citizens decide how to allocate part of a municipal or public budget.
E-Government: A public administration approach which uses information and communication technologies to share information with citizens and make public administration more efficient through self-service electronic services.
New Public Services: A public administration approach which places a high level of responsibility on the shoulders of the citizen. This approach expects a maximum activity from the citizens in the provision of public goods and services.
New Public Management: A public administration approach that focuses on using market-based principles and instruments of the private sector in public sector management. The user is perceived as a customer of public administration.
E-Participation Index: A composite indicator measuring the proceedings followed by each country to engage its citizens in making government policies and decisions and developing the public services.
E-Governance: An approach that differs from e-Government through greater citizen involvement. Citizens are not only recipients of electronic public services but are directly involved in decision-making processes. Citizens shape public administration themselves thanks to information and communication technologies.