Towards Blockchain-Based Document Authentication: Application for Digital Mushaf Al-Quran Authentication

Towards Blockchain-Based Document Authentication: Application for Digital Mushaf Al-Quran Authentication

Zineb Touati-Hamad, Mohamed Ridda Laouar, Issam Bendib
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 15
DOI: 10.4018/IJOCI.306693
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Abstract

Nowadays, with the massive development of technologies, documents are usually made, modified and published digitally. Unlike paper documents, digital documents are easily falsified, and it is difficult to verify the authenticity of these advanced documents in effective and fast ways. Mushaf Al-Quran is one of the most sensitive digital documents that deserves to be preserved due to the divine messages it carries. There is no way to maintain an immutable document, as today's blockchain technology has proven. Therefore, to take advantage of blockchain technology, this article presents a decentralized web application (dApp) to authenticate and verify the digital Mushaf based on smart contracts and the Ethereum network. The results show the efficiency of the blockchain technology in preserving immutable documents and its effectiveness in protecting and proving the authenticity of the digital Mushaf Al-Quran.
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Background

To understand the significance of this research study, it is necessary to understand the basic techniques used behind our research work, such as Blockchain, consensus algorithm, smart contract and Ethereum. Moreover, to have an idea about the Mushaf Al-Quran, which represents the subject of our case study.

Blockchain

Blockchain is an emerging technological innovation that aims to provide a high degree of security and reduce fraud when sharing digital data. Blockchain is a distributed ledger used to facilitate recording transactions in a decentralized data ledger (Glaser, 2014). This is done by implementing a set of rules and conditions known as a smart contract (Cong & He, 2019).

Blockchain combines several technologies, including cryptography hash functions, consensus algorithms, mathematics and the peer-to-peer network. The Blockchain contains blocks, and each block contains the master data, hash of the previous block, hash of the current block, timestamp and other information (Lin & Liao, 2017). With this combination, the Blockchain offers the following features (Laouar et al., 2019):

  • 1.

    Decentralization: The Blockchain abandons the central node, and each node in the network can record, store, and update the ledger.

  • 2.

    Transparency: Create transparency between nodes by sharing and distributing data.

  • 3.

    Immutable: Requires control of 51% of network nodes to change records.

  • 4.

    Consensus base: Data is not written to the Blockchain until most nodes have unanimously validated it.

  • 5.

    Anonymous: All data is hashed, and all transactions become anonymous open source. Blockchain systems allow code and technology to be modified in ways that best suit users' needs.

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