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In the past, cities were built in a hygienic way. The hygienist movement appeared in the 19th century with the first anal proposed by Baud (1981). It remains the only current that linked urban planning and medicine, considered “a new way of rethinking the city from the point of view of hygiene and health” (Costa, 2012). Over the centuries, architecture and urban planning have lost their sense of hygiene by referring to culture, traditions, symbolism or, more recently, prestige and luxury, with relying on medical progress, which alone has been able to cope with past epidemics, thanks to vaccines, remedies, and medicines (Rahm, 2020). A few years ago, health was considered an essential and founding factor of urban planning. Whenever medicine failed in the face of a health crisis, space and urban planning reacted preventively (Levy 2012, cited by Nader, 2013). Several social utopias have left traces in this sense, where the organisation of society depended on the organisation of space itself (Ghorayeb, 2019).
In December 2019, at the time of its outbreak with the first case reported in Wuhan, COVID-19 was considered an epidemic. Still, since March 11, 2020, the WHO (World Health Organization), with an unprecedented rapid spread on all continents, has considered it a global pandemic. It is considered a public health emergency of world-renowned (WHO, January 30, 2020), which has unexpectedly and dramatically disrupted human life. According to the Swiss architect Rahm (2020), this phenomenon would be a return to normal about the epidemics and natural disasters that humanity has already faced. The architecture of cities is still a witness. This idea is also supported by Kanda and Kivimaa (2020). The authors consider the global phenomenon an opportunity for humanity to witness it, study it closely for a better consideration of sustainability, and prepare for this type of chaos in the future. As for mobility, recognised as being the main factor responsible for the virus’s transmissibility, massive population displacements and the role of transport have facilitated the spread (Zhang et al., 2020). Wilson (1995) argued, “given the unprecedented volume, speed, and range, global travel is a major factor in the rapid spread of today’s diseases”.
Intelligent mobility alone affects all the technological advances that optimise travel and those that reduce or eliminate it; it is the key to the intelligent transformation of cities (Audenhove et al., 2013). It uses ICT in modern transport technologies to improve urban traffic (Albino et al., 2015).
After joining the SD (sustainable development) wagon, Algeria is getting into the bath and joining the smart cities wagon. The chaotic development of these cities over the last two decades leaves it little choice and encourages it to do so. Algiers has long suffered from inconsistencies of order: socio-spatial, socio-economic and environmental. The depletion of natural resources has only made things worse. Algiers has been confronted for years with unprecedented population growth, a dazzling urban sprawl consuming space, and generating displacements. It has become a city spread out to see even burst, its road network now saturated and associated with hazardous urbanism, many problems have been raised: conurbation, an imbalance between centre and periphery, pollution, and especially an alarming situation of congestion CTTP (Organisme National du Contrôle Technique des Travaux Publics, 2006), etc.