Impact of an Integrated Approach in Disaster Management

2. Nature Of Disaster Management

Over the years, there has been indications that the occurrence of various disastrous events have been one of the major concerns of humanity (Jalil Arab-Kheradmand, Ahmadi, Baniasadi, & Khankeh, 2016; Ronchi, 2015). Consequently, driving individuals and organisations to constantly develop innovative approaches to decrease the negative effect of the immediate and post-disaster impact (Williams, Gruber, Sutcliffe, Shepherd, & Zhao, 2017), however, irrespective of what approach is adopted, the main aim and intent is to effectively manage disaster. Disaster management therefore can be viewed as the administrative approaches (Raikes, Smith, Jacobson, & Baldwin, 2019), decisions, operations and technologies that apply to the effective management of different stages and levels of disaster (Ripoll Gallardo et al., 2015). One of the major aims or goals of disaster management is to prevent, reduce the negative impact and build resilience of the affected system or environment (Chroust & Aumayr, 2017; Iizuka, 2018; Oloruntoba, Sridharan, & Davison, 2018). More so, for effective implementation of disaster management approaches, several researches and academic literatures have identified the existence of multi-phases in managing disaster (Abbasi Dolatabadi, Seyedin, & Aryankhesal, 2016; Gupta, 2015; Meduri, 2016; Misra, Goswami, Mondal, & Jana, 2017; Shafiai & Khalid, 2016; Singh, L., Srivastava, & Singh, 2017). In a similar view, to mitigate risk and enhance disaster recovery planning, a global model using PESTLE framework can be applied to different types of disaster-prone systems (Sarwar, Ramachandran, & Hosseinian-Far, 2017). In addition, analysis by Raikes et al., (2019) identifies risk management and crisis management as two conceptual frameworks with both exhibiting different intervention and capacity levels depending on the type of disaster.