Surgeon Assistive Augmented Reality Model with the use of Endoscopic Camera for Line of Vision Calculation

Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) is considered an extension of Virtual reality field. In 1994, Milgram and Kishino (1994) described the “Reality-Virtuality Continuum” in which AR is a part of a general category named Mixed reality. The main deference between AR and Virtual reality is in the background of the scene. Virtual reality acts in a virtual environment in contrast with AR which acts in a real environment. AR is a live view of a real-world environment that a human being can realize through his senses, whose elements are augmented by virtual information produced by computer-generated systems (Azuma, 1997; Bimber & Raskar, 2005; Valino, 1998; Starner et al., 1997). In order to construct a space where real and virtual world coexist, AR has to follow three basic properties (Azuma et al., 2001):

• 1.

  Harmonic synthesis between real and virtual elements, into a real environment.

• 2.

  Interactive in real-time environment.

• 3.

  Registration between real and virtual elements.