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Top1. Introduction
Modern IT systems rely upon a complicated mixture of people, networks, and hardware. Green computing shows an initiative with systemic nature, and addresses increasingly sophisticated problems. Elements of such a solution may comprise items such as end user satisfaction, management restructuring, regulatory compliance, disposal of electronic waste, telecommuting, and virtualization of server resources, energy use, thin client solutions, and return on investment (ROI). As 21st century belongs to computers, gizmos and electronic items, and as the public debate on carbon emissions, global warming and climate change gets warmer, energy issues will get a serious ring in the coming days. Taking into consideration its popularity, the industry of Information Technology has to lead a revolution of sorts by turning GREEN in a manner no industry has ever done before.
Green computing is the study and practice of using computing resources efficiently. The primary objective of such a program is to account for the triple bottom line, an expanded spectrum of values and criteria for measuring organizational (and societal) success. The goals are similar to green chemistry; reduce the use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime, and promote recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste.
Effective power utilization, maximizing efficiency, proficient utilization, correct disposal of electronic gadgets, reliable and cost effectiveness, etc. are addressed in green computing research. Power consumption is minimized by implementing green concept in different functional components of personal computer (Mala et la., 2013).
Energy consumption rates based on services have been analyzed for different systems for facilitating green cloud computing (Anwar et al., 2013). Power consumption of resources and amount of electronic waste are reduced by implementing different eco friendly hardware. Power consumption and heat have been reduced by proposed technique in Schmidt et al. (2008). Different techniques such as unplugging a computer, use of LCD, use of flash drives have been discussed for minimizing power and energy wastage (Anwar et al., 2013).
In present day scenario, green computing concept is implemented everywhere due to increasing energy cost and growing environmental concerns. Efficient system architecture is required for analyzing performance, reliability, maintainability and security of the system. Energy and power consumption of a system depend on the particular system architecture. Energy usage of the system architecture is monitored and analyzed in (Zhong et al., 2010).
Green computing concept is implemented in cloud computing. Large amount of energy is consumed by the data centers hosting cloud computing applications contributing high operational costs and carbon footprints to the environment. Hence, green solution is implemented to save energy and reduce operational costs (Ponnusamy and Sasikumar, 2012).
Rest of the paper is organized as follows: Related work is mentioned in Section 2; Section 3 represents proposed services in green computing; Layer based Protocols in Green Environment have been discussed in Section 4; Green index is introduced in Section 5; Experimental results are discussed in Section 6; Conclusion is depicted in Section 7.